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Mireille Donner Jean-Claude Andre Michel Bouchy 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1980,97(3):1183-1191
Intermolecular excimer forming systems such as pyrene have been proposed as probes for the microviscosity measurement of model and biological membranes. However, our experimental study of pyrene excimer formation in erythrocyte membranes and the theoretical calculations show that it is quite difficult to get the diffusion coefficient of pyrene in membranes and therefore the microviscosity of its environment. 相似文献
3.
Loïc Pellissier Nadir Alvarez Anahí Espíndola Julien Pottier Anne Dubuis Jean‐Nicolas Pradervand Antoine Guisan 《Ecography》2013,36(5):541-550
The observation of non‐random phylogenetic distribution of traits in communities provides evidence for niche‐based community assembly. Environment may influence the phylogenetic structure of communities because traits determining how species respond to prevailing conditions can be phylogenetically conserved. In this study, we investigate the variation of butterfly species richness and of phylogenetic α‐ and β‐diversities along temperature and plant species richness gradients. Our study indicates that butterfly richness is independently positively correlated to temperature and plant species richness in the study area. However, the variation of phylogenetic α‐ and β‐diversities is only correlated to temperature. The significant phylogenetic clustering at high elevation suggests that cold temperature filters butterfly lineages, leading to communities mostly composed of closely related species adapted to those climatic conditions. These results suggest that in colder and more severe conditions at high elevations deterministic processes and not purely stochastic events drive the assemblage of butterfly communities. 相似文献
4.
5.
Identification of a hydrogen peroxide signalling pathway in the control of light-dependent germination in Arabidopsis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Patricia Lariguet Philippe Ranocha Mireille De Meyer Odile Barbier Claude Penel Christophe Dunand 《Planta》2013,238(2):381-395
Germination is controlled by external factors, such as temperature, water, light and by hormone balance. Recently, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been shown to act as messengers during plant development, stress responses and programmed cell death. We analyzed the role of ROS during germination and demonstrated that ROS in addition to their role as cell wall loosening factor are essential signalling molecules in this process. Indeed, we showed that ROS are released prior to endosperm rupture, that their production is required for germination, and that class III peroxidases, as ROS level regulators, colocalized with ROS production. Among ROS, H2O2 modifies, during germination early steps, the expression of genes encoding for enzymes regulating ROS levels. This pointing out a regulatory feedback loop for ROS production. Measurements of endogenous levels of ROS following application of GA and ABA suggested that ABA inhibits germination by repressing ROS accumulation, and that, conversely, GA triggers germination by promoting an increase of ROS levels. We followed the early visible steps of germination (testa and endosperm rupture) in Arabidopsis seeds treated by specific ROS scavengers and as the light quality perception is necessary for a regular germination, we examined the germination in presence of exogenous H2O2 in different light qualities. H2O2 either promoted germination or repressed germination depending on the light wavelengths, showing that H2O2 acts as a signal molecule regulating germination in a light-dependent manner. Using photoreceptors null-mutants and GA-deficient mutants, we showed that H2O2-dependent promotion of germination relies on phytochrome signalling, but not on cryptochrome signalling, and that ROS signalling requires GA signalling. 相似文献
6.
Emanuele Ferrari Mireille Engelen Enrico Monzani Michela Sturini Stefania Girotto Luigi Bubacco Luigi Zecca Luigi Casella 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2013,18(1):81-93
Elucidating the structure and biosynthesis of neuromelanin (NM) would be an important step towards understanding its putative role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. A useful complement to studies aimed at unraveling the origin and properties of this essentially insoluble natural substance is the preparation of synthetic derivatives that resemble NM. With this aim in mind, water-soluble conjugates between dopamine-derived melanin and bovine serum albumin (BSA) were synthesized. Melanin–BSA adducts were prepared with both eumelanic oligomers obtained through the oxidative polymerization of dopamine and pheomelanic oligomers obtained under the same conditions from dopamine and cysteine. Iron ions were added during the synthesis to understand the interaction between the pigment and this metal ion, as the NM in neurons in several human brain regions contains significant amounts of iron. The structures of the conjugates were analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy and controlled proteolysis/MS experiments. The binding of iron(III) ions was evaluated by ICP analysis and EPR spectroscopy. The EPR signal from bound iron(III) indicated high-spin octahedral sites and, as also seen for NM, the signal is coupled to a signal from a radical associated with the melanic components of the conjugates. However, the intensity of the EPR signal from iron suggested a reduced fraction of the total iron, indicating that most of the iron is strongly coupled in clusters within the matrix. The amount of paramagnetic, mononuclear iron(III) was greater in the pheomelanin–BSA conjugates, suggesting that iron clustering is reduced in the sulfur-containing pigment. Thus, the melanin–BSA conjugates appear to be good models for the natural pigment. 相似文献
7.
Mireille Rack Sonia Valdivia Guido Sonnemann 《The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment》2013,18(7):1413-1420
Purpose
The paper provides a late report from the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP)/Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) Life Cycle Initiative workshop “Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA)—where we are, trends, and next steps;” it embeds this report into recent development with regard to the envisaged development of global guidance on environmental life cycle impact assessment indicators and related methodologies.Methods
The document is the output of the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative’s workshop on “Life Cycle Impact Assessment—where we are, trends, and next steps.” The presentations and discussions held during the workshop reviewed the first two phases of the Life Cycle Initiative and provided an overview of current LCIA activities being conducted by the Initiative, governments and academia, as well as corporate approaches. The outcomes of the workshop are reflected in light of the implementation of the strategy for Phase 3 of the Life Cycle Initiative.Results
The range of views provided during the workshop indicated different user needs, with regards to, amongst other things, the required complexity of the LCIA methodology, associated costs, and the selection of LCIA categories depending on environmental priorities. The workshop’s results signified a number of potential focus areas for Phase 3 of the Initiative, including capacity building efforts concerning LCIA in developing countries and emerging economies, the preparation of training materials on LCIA, the production of global guidance on LCIA, and the potential development of a broader sustainability indicators framework.Conclusions
These suggestions have been taken into account in the strategy for Phase 3 of the Life Cycle Initiative in two flagship projects, one on global capability development on life cycle approaches and the other on global guidance on environmental life cycle impact assessment indicators. In the context of the latter project, first activities are being organized and planned. Moreover, UNEP has included the recommendations in its Rio + 20 Voluntary Commitments: UNEP and SETAC through the UNEP/SETAC Life Cycle Initiative commit to facilitate improved access to good quality life cycle data and databases as well as expanded use of key environmental indicators that allows the measurement and monitoring of progress towards the environmental sustainability of selected product chains. 相似文献8.
Angelina M. de Almeida Thiago Nascimento Bianca S. Ferreira Pedro P. de Castro Vânia L. Silva Claúdio G. Diniz Mireille Le Hyaric 《Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters》2013,23(10):2883-2887
We report in this work the preparation and in vitro antimicrobial evaluation of novel amphiphilic aromatic amino alcohols synthesized by reductive amination of 4-alkyloxybenzaldehyde with 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-propane-1,3-diol. The antibacterial activity was determined against four standard strains (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and 21 clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The antifungal activity was evaluated against four yeast (Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis). The results obtained showed a strong positive correlation between the lipophilicity and the antibiotic activity of the tested compounds. The best activities were obtained against the Gram-positive bacteria (MIC = 2–16 μg ml?1) for the five compounds bearing longer alkyl chains (4c–g; 8–14 carbons), which were also the most active against Candida (MIC = 2–64 μg ml?1). Compound 4e exhibited the highest levels of inhibitory activity (MIC = 2–16 μg ml?1) against clinical isolates of MRSA. A concentration of twice the MIC resulted in bactericidal activity of 4d against 19 of the 21 clinical isolates. 相似文献
9.
Charlotte Ndiribe Loïc Pellissier Silvia Antonelli Anne Dubuis Julien Pottier Pascal Vittoz Nicolas Salamin 《Ecology and evolution》2013,3(15):4925-4939
The trend of closely related taxa to retain similar environmental preferences mediated by inherited traits suggests that several patterns observed at the community scale originate from longer evolutionary processes. While the effects of phylogenetic relatedness have been previously studied within a single genus or family, lineage‐specific effects on the ecological processes governing community assembly have rarely been studied for entire communities or flora. Here, we measured how community phylogenetic structure varies across a wide elevation gradient for plant lineages represented by 35 families, using a co‐occurrence index and net relatedness index (NRI). We propose a framework that analyses each lineage separately and reveals the trend of ecological assembly at tree nodes. We found prevailing phylogenetic clustering for more ancient nodes and overdispersion in more recent tree nodes. Closely related species may thus rapidly evolve new environmental tolerances to radiate into distinct communities, while older lineages likely retain inherent environmental tolerances to occupy communities in similar environments, either through efficient dispersal mechanisms or the exclusion of older lineages with more divergent environmental tolerances. Our study illustrates the importance of disentangling the patterns of community assembly among lineages to better interpret the ecological role of traits. It also sheds light on studies reporting absence of phylogenetic signal, and opens new perspectives on the analysis of niche and trait conservatism across lineages. 相似文献
10.
France?LégaréEmail author Mireille?Guerrier Catherine?Nadeau Caroline?Rhéaume Stéphane?Turcotte Michel?Labrecque 《Implementation science : IS》2013,8(1):144